Read the text entitled The Incredible Incas. Unfortunately, the paragraphs have been mixed up. Read all the paragraphs carefully and put them in the correct order.
THE INCREDIBLE INCAS
A. Their empire stretched along the western South American coast and the interior of today’s Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and central Chile. The Inca population was divided into 12 age-groups, and each was assigned specific duties. All crops were divided among religion, state and community. Large supplies of food were kept for emergencies such as earthquakes or floods. Nobody lacked food, shelter or clothing, but people didn’t have much freedom either. Death was the punishment for those who did not fulfil their duties. The telling of lies or unfaithfulness were also punished by death. There were other severe and cruel punishments as well.
B. It’s not known how the Incas built these and other massive structures of stone. They didn’t know the wheel. They didn’t have iron tools and they didn’t use animals. With only primitive tools, like stone hammers, they managed to break massive stone blocks. Somehow, they transported them for miles. Then, they fitted these stone blocks together to form walls.
C. Hidden deep in the Peruvian Andes lies Machu Picchu, a magnificent old city built by the Incas. It’s a natural fortress which is situated about 2,300 metres above sea level. This enormous city had remained empty and forgotten for almost five centuries. It was discovered in 1911 by the American explorer, Hiram Bingham. The Incas also built a gigantic pyramid in the Moche Valley on the northern coast of Peru. This pyramid was 340 metres long, 175 metres wide and 35 metres high. Today, it’s only a ruin.
D. Though the Inca Empire was very well-organised and armed, it was defeated in 1532 by 170 Spanish adventurers led by Francisco Pizarro. When they arrived in South America, the Incas were divided into various groups and some even joined the invaders. The Spaniards captured and killed the Inca emperor, Atahualpa. After his death, the entire empire fell apart. It was a great tragedy for the Inca nation and, to this day, Peru hasn’t yet recovered from a great cultural loss.
E. The Incas weren’t only skilled architects. They also produced the best woollen clothing and made beautiful jewellery. It seems almost incredible, but they achieved their great culture without a currency or writing. Trade was only conducted through exchanging goods. There were also professional rememberers, called camayocs, whose obligation was to remember all the important information.
THE INCREDIBLE INCAS
A. Their empire stretched along the western South American coast and the interior of today’s Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and central Chile. The Inca population was divided into 12 age-groups, and each was assigned specific duties. All crops were divided among religion, state and community. Large supplies of food were kept for emergencies such as earthquakes or floods. Nobody lacked food, shelter or clothing, but people didn’t have much freedom either. Death was the punishment for those who did not fulfil their duties. The telling of lies or unfaithfulness were also punished by death. There were other severe and cruel punishments as well.
B. It’s not known how the Incas built these and other massive structures of stone. They didn’t know the wheel. They didn’t have iron tools and they didn’t use animals. With only primitive tools, like stone hammers, they managed to break massive stone blocks. Somehow, they transported them for miles. Then, they fitted these stone blocks together to form walls.
C. Hidden deep in the Peruvian Andes lies Machu Picchu, a magnificent old city built by the Incas. It’s a natural fortress which is situated about 2,300 metres above sea level. This enormous city had remained empty and forgotten for almost five centuries. It was discovered in 1911 by the American explorer, Hiram Bingham. The Incas also built a gigantic pyramid in the Moche Valley on the northern coast of Peru. This pyramid was 340 metres long, 175 metres wide and 35 metres high. Today, it’s only a ruin.
D. Though the Inca Empire was very well-organised and armed, it was defeated in 1532 by 170 Spanish adventurers led by Francisco Pizarro. When they arrived in South America, the Incas were divided into various groups and some even joined the invaders. The Spaniards captured and killed the Inca emperor, Atahualpa. After his death, the entire empire fell apart. It was a great tragedy for the Inca nation and, to this day, Peru hasn’t yet recovered from a great cultural loss.
E. The Incas weren’t only skilled architects. They also produced the best woollen clothing and made beautiful jewellery. It seems almost incredible, but they achieved their great culture without a currency or writing. Trade was only conducted through exchanging goods. There were also professional rememberers, called camayocs, whose obligation was to remember all the important information.
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Kolejność ====================C. B. E. A. D ===============
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