Jawaban dan penjelasan:
Diketahui:
◈ Volume KOH = 100 mL
◈ Molaritas KOH = 0,1 mol/L
Dicampurkan dengan
◈ Volume HNO₃ = 200 mL
◈ Molaritas HNO₃ = 0,1 mol/L
Ditanya beserta penyelesaian:
a.) pH dan pOH masing-masing larutan.
◇ HNO₃ (Asam Kuat)
[H⁺] = valensi asam × Konsentrasi molar
[H⁺] = 1 × (0,1 mol/L)
[H⁺] = 0,1 mol/L = 10⁻¹ mol/L
pH = — log [H⁺] = — log
pH = — log
◇ KOH (Basa Kuat)
[OH⁻] = valensi basa × Konsentrasi molar
[OH⁻] = 1 × (0,1 mol/L)
[OH⁻] = 0,1 mol/L = 10⁻¹ mol/L
pOH = — log [OH⁻] = — log
pOH = — log
pH = 14 — pOH
pH = 14 — 1
⟡ ⟡ ⟡
b.) pH larutan setelah dicampurkan.
◇ mol KOH = M × V = 0,1 mol/L × 100 mL = 10 mmol
◇ mol HNO₃ = M × V = 0,1 mol/L × 200 mL = 20 mmol
Persamaan Reaksi
HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O
m 20 10 — —
r -10 -10 +10 +10
s 10 — 10 10
⟣ Mol HNO₃ bersisa sebanyak 10 mmol.
⟣ [HNO₃] sisa = = = 0,03 mol/L
⟣ Penentuan pH menggunakan Konsentrasi H⁺ Asam Kuat yang bersisa.
[H⁺] = 1 × (0,03 mol/L)
[H⁺] = 0,03 mol/L = 3 × 10⁻² mol/L
pH = — log [H⁺]
c.) pH campuran larutan bila ditambahkan dengan 2 mL HCl 0,1 mol/L.
Dengan,
M₁ = konsentrasi HNO₃ (sisa) = 0,03 mol/L
M₂ = konsentrasi HCl = 0,1 mol/L
V₁ = volume HNO₃ (campuran) = 300 mL = 0,3 L
V₂ = volume HCl = 2 mL = 0,002 L
Maka, konsentrasi H⁺-nya adalah:
Sehingga, pH campuran tersebut adalah:
◈ Ksp Al(OH)₃ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
Ditanya: pH dan pOH dari larutan jenuh Al(OH)₃ ...?
Penyelesaian:
Ksp Al(OH)₃ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
Al(OH)₃ ⇄ Al³⁺ + 3OH⁻
s s 3s
Ksp = [Al³⁺][OH⁻]³
Ksp = (s) (3s)³ = 27s⁴
⇔ 27s⁴ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
⇔ s = 1,0 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L
[OH⁻] = 3s = 3(1,0 × 10⁻⁴) = 3 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L
pOH = — log [OH⁻]
pH = 14 — (4 — log 3)
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Jawaban dan penjelasan:
Diketahui:
◈ Volume KOH = 100 mL
◈ Molaritas KOH = 0,1 mol/L
Dicampurkan dengan
◈ Volume HNO₃ = 200 mL
◈ Molaritas HNO₃ = 0,1 mol/L
Ditanya beserta penyelesaian:
a.) pH dan pOH masing-masing larutan.
◇ HNO₃ (Asam Kuat)
[H⁺] = valensi asam × Konsentrasi molar
[H⁺] = 1 × (0,1 mol/L)
[H⁺] = 0,1 mol/L = 10⁻¹ mol/L
pH = — log [H⁺] = — log
pH = — log
◇ KOH (Basa Kuat)
[OH⁻] = valensi basa × Konsentrasi molar
[OH⁻] = 1 × (0,1 mol/L)
[OH⁻] = 0,1 mol/L = 10⁻¹ mol/L
pOH = — log [OH⁻] = — log
pOH = — log
pH = 14 — pOH
pH = 14 — 1
⟡ ⟡ ⟡
b.) pH larutan setelah dicampurkan.
◇ mol KOH = M × V = 0,1 mol/L × 100 mL = 10 mmol
◇ mol HNO₃ = M × V = 0,1 mol/L × 200 mL = 20 mmol
Persamaan Reaksi
HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O
m 20 10 — —
r -10 -10 +10 +10
s 10 — 10 10
⟣ Mol HNO₃ bersisa sebanyak 10 mmol.
⟣ [HNO₃] sisa = = = 0,03 mol/L
⟣ Penentuan pH menggunakan Konsentrasi H⁺ Asam Kuat yang bersisa.
[H⁺] = valensi asam × Konsentrasi molar
[H⁺] = 1 × (0,03 mol/L)
[H⁺] = 0,03 mol/L = 3 × 10⁻² mol/L
pH = — log [H⁺]
pH = — log
⟡ ⟡ ⟡
c.) pH campuran larutan bila ditambahkan dengan 2 mL HCl 0,1 mol/L.
Dengan,
M₁ = konsentrasi HNO₃ (sisa) = 0,03 mol/L
M₂ = konsentrasi HCl = 0,1 mol/L
V₁ = volume HNO₃ (campuran) = 300 mL = 0,3 L
V₂ = volume HCl = 2 mL = 0,002 L
Maka, konsentrasi H⁺-nya adalah:
Sehingga, pH campuran tersebut adalah:
pH = — log [H⁺]
pH = — log
⟡ ⟡ ⟡
Diketahui:
◈ Ksp Al(OH)₃ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
Ditanya: pH dan pOH dari larutan jenuh Al(OH)₃ ...?
Penyelesaian:
Ksp Al(OH)₃ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
Al(OH)₃ ⇄ Al³⁺ + 3OH⁻
s s 3s
Ksp = [Al³⁺][OH⁻]³
Ksp = (s) (3s)³ = 27s⁴
⇔ 27s⁴ = 2,7 × 10⁻¹⁵
⇔ s = 1,0 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L
[OH⁻] = 3s = 3(1,0 × 10⁻⁴) = 3 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L
pOH = — log [OH⁻]
pOH = — log
pH = 14 — pOH
pH = 14 — (4 — log 3)
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