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Skoro:
S1 = a1
S2 = a1 + a2
...
S(n-1) = a1 + a2 + ... + a(n-1)
Sn = a1 + a2 + ... + a(n-1) + an
to widać , że odejmując dwa powyższe równania mamy:
Sn - S(n-1) = a1 + a2 + ... + a(n-1) + an - (a1 + a2 + ... + a(n-1))
czyli:
Sn - S(n-1) = an
Skoro Sn = 2n^2 + 3n
S(n-1) = 2(n-1)^2 + 3(n-1)
an = Sn - S(n-1)
an = [2n^2 + 3n] - [2(n-1)^2 + 3(n-1)]
an = 2n^2 + 3n - 2n^2 + 4n - 2 - 3n + 3
an = 4n + 1
zatem piąty wyraz to:
a5 = 4 * 5 + 1 = 21