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b) x^3 + 3x^2 - x - 3 = x^2 (x+3) - (x+3) = (x+3)(x^2 - 1) = (x+3)(x-1)(x+1)
c) 4x^3 + x^2 - 16x - 4 = x^2 (4x + 1) - 4(4x + 1) = (4x + 1)(x^2 - 1) = 4(x + 1/4)(x+1)(x-1)
d) x^4 + 3x^3 + x^2 + 3x = x^3 (x+3) + x(x+3) = (x+3)(x^3 + x) = x(x+3)(x^2 + 1)
e) x^3 + 4x^2 - 25x - 100 = x^2 (x+4) - 25(x+4) = (x+4)(x^2 - 25) = (x+4)(x-5)(x+5)
f) sqrt{5}x^3 - x^2 - sqrt{5}x + 1 = x^2 (sqrt{5}x - 1) - (sqrt{5} - 1) = (sqrt{5}x - 1)(x^2 - 1) = sqrt{5}(x - sqrt{5}/5)(x-1)(x+1)
sqrt{5} to pierwiastek z 5