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C₂H₂→ 2C +H₂ ΔHₓ
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C₂H₂ + H₂ → C₂H₄ ΔH₁ = - 175,8kJ
C₂H₄ +3 O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O ΔH₂ = -1411,08kJ
C + O₂ →CO₂ ΔH₃ = -393,51kJ/*(-2)
H₂ +1/2O₂ → H₂O ΔH₄ = - 285,8kJ/*(-2) -------------------------------------------------------
C₂H₂ + H₂ → C₂H₄ ΔH₁ = - 175,8kJ
C₂H₄ +3 O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O ΔH₂ = -1411,08kJ
2CO₂ → 2C + 2O₂ ΔH₃ = 787,02kJ
2H₂O → 2H₂ +O₂ ΔH₄ = 571,66kJ --------------------------------------------------------------------
ΔHₓ = ΔH₁ + ΔH₂ + ΔH₃ + ΔH₄ = - 175,8kJ -1411,08kJ + 787,02kJ +571,66kJ = -228,2kJmol C₂H₂
Zad. 1.76
4HNO₃ → 4NO₂ + 2H₂O +O₂ ΔHₓ
3NO₂ + H₂O → 2HNO₃ + NO ΔH₁ = -35,9 kJ/mol
HNO₃2NO + O₂ → 2NO₂ ΔH₂ = -57,1kJ/molNO₂ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
3NO₂ + H₂O → 2HNO₃ + NO ΔH₁ = -71,8kJ /*(-2)
2NO + O₂ → 2NO₂ ΔH₂ = -114,2kJ/*(-1) -----------------------------------------------------------------
4HNO₃ + 2NO → 6NO₂ + 2H₂O ΔH₁ = 143,6 kJ
2NO₂ → 2NO + O₂ ΔH₂ = 114,2J
ΔHₓ = ΔH₁ + ΔH₂ = 143,6 kJ + 114,2kJ = 257,8kJ , to jest 64,45kJ/molHNO₃