Question

Napisz po angielsku historyjkę związaną z zamkiem lubelskim.

Answer 1

The origins of the castle are related to the emergence in the twelfth century castellany Lublin. Casimir the Just was erected on a hilltop fortified city wooden-shaft gas. In the 2nd half of the thirteenth or early fourteenth century in the upper parts of the castle was built brick-a residential tower defense (donżon, Stolpe). The tower was the first brick castle object. 
In the fourteenth century during the reign of Kazimierz the Great built a stone castle surrounded by a defensive wall with a gate on the west. The first Gothic palace was built for the king and the tower was Jewish. The castle, situated on the royal route from Krakow to Vilnius, he enjoyed the attention and care of the Jagiellonian. Here, under the tutelage of Jan Dlugosz, grew up the sons of Casimir's. 
Around 1520 years Sigismund started rebuilding the castle on the splendid Renaissance royal residence, employing among other Italian masters brought from Krakow. The new gate was built with a tower, a rectangular tower, house Grodzka raised him decorate the royal palace roofs. In 1569 the castle was held in the parliament, in which the act was signed Polish-Lithuanian union - the union of Lublin.July 19, 1569 at the Diet of Lublin, Duke Albrecht of Prussia Frederick Hohenzollern paid homage to Sigismund II August, at the present time Kochanowski described in the piece pennant or a tribute to Prussia. Between the years 1635-1642 under the direction of John Cangerle probably renovated castle. In 1648 the castle warfare led King Jan Kazimierz. In the years 1655-1657 the Swedish army occupied the castle, Hungary and Moscow, which led to the massive destruction. Only survivor of the oldest buildings - a chapel and donżon. In 1743 governor James Zamojski erected new buildings, offices and archives, and in 1773 the building of the former gate was rebuilt for residential purposes by the governor Wincenty Potocki. 
In the years 1824-1826, the initiative Staszic and designed by S. Stompfa erected a new building on a hill in the English Gothic Revival style, designed to prison criminal Congress Kingdom. Castle served as a prison for 128 years. 
In the years 1831-1915 there were tsarist prison, mainly for the participants in the struggle for independence, including January Uprising of 1863. 
In the period 1918-1939 alongside criminal prisoners held here fine members of the communist movement, with membership of an illegal Polish Communist Party. 
World War II and the occupation (1939-1944) is a Nazi prison term of office, through which more than 40 thousand. people, mostly members of the resistance. A large part of the prisoners perished in executions and death camps. 22 July 1944, before leaving in Lublin, the Nazis made the mass murder of 300 prisoners of the castle. 
 Main article: Massacre at the Lublin Castle. 
After liberation from Nazi occupation in 1944 was held in the castle prison criminal-political inquiry, subordinate to the Soviet authorities and the Office of Public Safety.In the years 1944-1954 were imprisoned there are about 35 thousand. Poles are opposed to the communist enslavement. Of the 515 death sentences issued 333 people lost their lives. 
After the liquidation of the prison on 13 January 1954 political prisoners were transported to a prison in Chelm, and after renovations lock allocated for cultural purposes. Since 1957, the headquarters of the Lublin Museum, founded in 1906.