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x - ilość soli, którą trzeba dosypać
9 kg. - pięcioprocentowa solanka
x+9 - dziesięcioprocentowa solanka
x*100%+9*5%=(x+9)*10%
x+0,45=(x+9)*10:100 /*100 100x+45=(x+9)*10
100x+45=10x+90
100x-10x=90-45 90
x=45 /:90
x=0,5
b)
30% * x + 0% *20 = 20% * (x+20)
0,3*x = 0,2 * (x*20)
0,3x = 0,2x + 4
0,3x-0,2x = 4
0,1x = 4 | /0,1
x = 40
(x+20kg) = 40 + 20 = 60kg