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It could become possible for humans to live for up to 800 years. This is what researchers are saying at the University of California. They have made a scientific discovery using ordinary yeast usually used to make bread rise.
The scientists were looking at live yeast and removed two genes that are responsible for making it grow old. These are the same genes that also cause cancer in humans. They then put the yeast on a diet! This made the yeast live ten times longer than normal, which is the longest extension of life that scientists have achieved so far.
Valter Longo, the head scientist of the project, says that although human and yeast genes are different, the method of making things live longer is the same. If scientists develop this method, humans could live much longer, too. At the moment, this is only a possibility. But Longo believes that scientists know enough now to help everybody live to at least 120.
Longo also thinks that there is another gene that is responsible for making us get older. He thinks that humans die before they need to. If we can also find this gene and remove it, then it might be possible to live to an incredible age.
Other scientists don't think this is possible. They think that humans can't live for more than 125 years. The oldest known person in the world, Jeanne Calment, died at the age of 122 years and 164 days. Most scientists think that she was one of the few lucky ones to almost reach the human maximum limit.
However, it is true that more humans are living longer than ever before. In Britain there is a huge number of people living past 100. Nearly 11,600 people are 100 or older now, compared to only 100 people in 1911. There are still far more women than men in this age group – seven women for every man. So, if you want to live a long time, the best thing to be is female!
1. According to the scientists at the University of California, human life could be considerably extended if
a) the risk of developing cancer is reduced.
b) there is a lot of yeast in the human diet.
c) certain genes are eliminated.
d) yeast genes are given to humans
2. Which is true, according to Valter Longo?
a) Some human and yeast genes are similar.
b) People can't live for longer than 120 years.
c) Removing some genes might be impossible
d) The results of the experiment with yeasts are promising.
3. What do other scientists think?
a) The extension of human life as long as in yeast is possible.
b) There are not many people who can live for more than 120 years.
c) The example of Jeanne Calment shows that humans can live more than 125 years.
d) There is no certain limit to human life
4. The conclusion in the last paragraph is that
a) Britain has the highest number of 100-year-olds in the world.
b) more than 9,000 women are over 100 in Britain now.
c) there are seven women who are more than 100 years old in Britain.
d) the gender of 100-year-olds indicates that women live longer than men
5. Which is the best title for the article?
a) The possibilities for extending human life
b) Can people live to be 800 years old?
c) The life style of the oldest woman in the world
d) What should people do to live to 120?
1c
"Valter Longo, the head scientist of the project, says that although human and yeast genes are different, the method of making things live longer is the same."
2d
" If scientists develop this method, humans could live much longer, too. At the moment, this is only a possibility. But Longo believes that scientists know enough now to help everybody live to at least 120."
3b
"They think that humans can't live for more than 125 years. The oldest known person in the world, Jeanne Calment, died at the age of 122 years and 164 days. Most scientists think that she was one of the few lucky ones to almost reach the human maximum limit."
4d
"There are still far more women than men in this age group – seven women for every man. So, if you want to live a long time, the best thing to be is female!"
5a
1.c
2.d
3.b
4.d
5.a