Question

Napisz na 250 słów o tym kto zamieszkuje Australie po angielsku pliss pomocy

Answer 1

Population of Australia

Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It lies in the southern hemisphere and occupies 7.7 million km ². Along with the archipelagos of New Zealand, Melanesia, and Polynesia Mikronezji forms part of the world - Australia and Oceania. From the west and south Australia fail this Indian Ocean waters, and from the east - the Pacific Ocean.

The population of the continent has about 20 million inhabitants. The most populous states are New South Wales and Victoria, in which there are two major Australian cities - Sydney and Melbourne. The greatest population density are characterized by the eastern and south-eastern coast kontynentu.Do World War II the population of Australia were mainly British and Irish. After the war, while there was a massive influx of immigrants from Greece, Germany, Italy, Holland, Yugoslavia, Malta, Libya, Turkey and others.

Recently, increasing share of the population of Asian descent, especially Vietnamese (inflow after the Vietnam War).

Approximately 350 thousand. Australians are the Aborigines, or their descendants. Live mainly in northern and central regions of the continent.

The official language of Australia is English. However, due to the vast ethnic diversity of residents, use multiple languages. It is estimated that there are about 240 dialects, of which, until 50 is the native speech of the inhabitants of the continent. The most commonly used languages ​​are: Greek, Italian, Cantonese, Arabic and Vietnamese. Gaining increasing importance in recent times into Chinese, followed by the decline in the importance of languages: Dutch, German, Italian and Greek.

The main religion is Christianity the inhabitants of the continent (ca. 58%), of which most believers are Unitarians, then Catholics. To other religions professed in Australia are: Buddhism, Judaism and Islam. 20% of the population are atheists.

Indigenous people form the Aborigines of Australia. At the end of the eighteenth century, before European colonization, there were about 1 million. This is a group that creates in terms of distinct anthropological type - Australoid. It is characterized by the occurrence of similarities to both the type europeidalnego and negroidalnego. The first inhabitants of Australia arrived on this continent, about 40 - 60 thousand. years ago. It is not known how it happened. Aboriginal tribal communities formed, dividing into smaller groups. These groups przynależnym tribe roamed the territory in search of food. The indigenous population of Australia was not aware of agriculture and husbandry, did not have the ability obroki metals, weaving, or pottery. Only possess the ability to Aborigines working stone, wood, plant fibers and bones, hides and feathers. Manufactured totems - objects of worship (called czuringa) that decorated the drawings illustrating the rites and myths.

Aboriginal population is constantly decreasing. Its economic situation is much worse than other Australians.

New South Wales:

At the end of the eighteenth century, when British colonization began in Australia, its territories inhabited by approximately 1 million Aborigines. They used over 250 languages. In the vicinity of today's Sydney home to them about 3 thousand., And communicated to the three major languages: on the north coast was the language of Ku - ring - gai, further south along the coast - Dharawal, and on the plains, lying at the foot of the Blue Mountains - Dharug .

It is estimated that currently resides in Sydney about 31 thousand. Aborigines. It is the largest group among the other regions of Australia.

South Australia:

Probably, in the early nineteenth century in South Australia there were approximately 12 thousand. Aborigines. After the arrival of Europeans, many of them died at the hands of white settlers, or from hunger and many diseases. They were expelled from most of the lands previously inhabited.

Currently, most of the indigenous people of this state is concentrated in the largest cities (Adelaide and Port Augusta). South Australia was the first of the states, in 1966, gave Aborigines the right to land ownership.

Queensland:

As a result of European colonization of Aboriginal people living in areas of the present state of Queensland have been expelled. For those who were white settlers established several sanctuaries scattered within the state.

In Queensland live also other ethnic group left on the margins of society - Kanakowie. These are the descendants of indigenous inhabitants of New Caledonia who were brought to these lands to work in sugar cane plantations.

Northern Territory:

Northern Territory is inhabited by about 38 thousand. Aborigines. At the beginning of the twentieth century, part of the population was forced to live in government reserves or Christian missions. Others found employment on farms cattle drovers, or serving as, or found a low-wage employment in the cities and settled on the outskirts. Currently owned by Aborigines constitute about 50% of the Northern Territory.

Victoria:

Before the period of European colonization in the area of ​​Victoria, lived about 100 thousand. Aborigines. Until 1860, they remained only 2 thousand. Currently, the state land is inhabited by about 20 thousand. so. Kooris (this is the name of the Aboriginal population living in areas of south-eastern Australia). More than half of them live in Melbourne.

Autochthonous population of the state of Victoria in the past was divided into 38 groups, dialectical, 10-king who speak different languages. Each of them consisted of several clans, based on kinship.