October 2018 1 14 Report

hi janusz

At our meeting yesterday you asked me to send you some background info in creative accounting, and in particular off-balance-sheet accounting

Basically there’s quite a bit of flexibility in the way we can interpret the standards and principles of accounting. For example, we may want to report bigger profits so that we can attract investors on the capital markets. On the other hand, smaller profits may be better so that we pay less tax. The problem is that the line between truthful and misleading representation of figures is sometimes very thin, and this is where people get into trouble.

Off-balance-sheet accounting is seen by some as one type of creative accounting. (People have been arguing about it for years though!) The key point to remember is that the accounting treatment of legitimate business transactions can vary greatly. For example, many companies are involved in leasing for business reasons, and the question for the accountants is how to present the financial implications of such leases in the accounts. In theory, the idea is that leasing an asset (instead of buying it) allows the company to exclude the liability from its accounts.

Hope this helps - give me a call if you have any more questions.

Best wishes Ruper


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